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Read the letters and writings of the founding fathers. The intent is clear and, in the case of Jefferson, very concise and unmistakable. They loved them some guns, personal freedoms, and despised government overstepping its bounds. Too bad 4 of the supreme justices, while admitting this, don't agree it pertains today (essentially). The ruling, while encouraging for us that desire personal freedom and by extension personal responsibility, brings with it some very disturbing (to me) stances by those other justices.
Besides the advantage of being armed, which the Americans possess over the people of almost every other nation, the existence of subordinate governments, to which the people are attached, and by which the militia officers are appointed, forms a barrier against the enterprises of ambition, more insurmountable than any which a simple government of any form can admit of. Notwithstanding the military establishments in the several kingdoms of Europe, which are carried as far as the public resources will bear, the governments are afraid to trust the people with arms. And it is not certain, that with this aid alone they would not be able to shake off their yokes.
Tyrants have never placed any confidence on a militia composed of freemen... There is no instance of any government being reduced to a confirmed tyranny without military oppression. And the first policy of tyrants has been to annihilate all other means of national activity and defense, when they feared opposition, and to rely solely upon standing troops. Repeated were the trials, before the sovereigns of Europe dared to introduce them upon any pretext whatever; and the whole record of the transactions of mankind cannot furnish an instance, (unless the proposed constitution may be called part of that record) where the motives which caused that establishment were not completely disguised.